Ua tsaug rau koj mus saib xwm txheej. Cov version ntawm browser koj siv tau muaj kev txhawb nqa css txwv. Yog xav tau cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, peb xav kom koj siv ib qho tshiab tshiab ntawm koj lub browser (lossis xiam oob qhab sib haum hom hauv Internet Explorer). Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm, los xyuas kom muaj kev txhawb nqa tsis tu ncua, peb tau ua kom pom lub xaib uas tsis muaj styling lossis Javascript.
Microbial kev loj hlob hauv qhov txhab feem ntau manifests nws tus kheej li biofilms, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev kho kom zoo thiab nyuaj rau kev tshem tawm. Cov khoom hnav khaub ncaws tshiab uas thov kom tawm tsam qhov txhab mob, tabsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus neeg mob hauv kev tiv thaiv kev mob ywj pheej feem ntau tsis paub. Siv nyob rau hauv Vitro thiab nyob rau hauv vivo biofilm qauv ntawm staphyaulococcus auramylococcus aeruginosa, peb qhia qhov ua tau zoo ntawm AG1 + ion-tsim kev hnav ris tsho; AG1 + Kev Hnav Khaub Ncaws Muaj cov txiv kab ntxwv uas muaj ethylasacetic acid thiab benzethonium chloride (AG1 + / Edta / BC), thiab hnav khaub ncaws muaj cov nyiaj nitrate (Axyysalts). , uas tsim AG1 +, AG2 + thiab AG3 + ions los tawm tsam lub qhov txhab biofilm thiab nws cov nyhuv rau kev kho. AG1 + Kev hnav khaub ncaws tau tsawg kawg ntawm lub txiaj ntsim biofilm hauv vitro thiab hauv nas (C57BL / 6J). Hauv kev sib piv, Oxygenated Ax Salts thiab Ax1 + / Edta / Edta cov kab mob nyob rau hauv biofils hauv biofia thiab EPS sib txuas hauv nas txhab? Cov tshuaj hnav no muaj cov teebmeem sib txawv ntawm kev kho cov tshuaj biofilm-kis tau, nrog cov pa roj oxofenial, thiab mob oxygenated los tswj kev kho thiab lwm yam kev hnav khaub ncaws. Cov kev hnav ris tsho sib txawv ntawm cov khoom hnav ris tsho
Cov qhov mob nqaij yog txhais tau tias "qhov txhab uas tsis ua tiav los ntawm cov theem li ib txwm ntawm kev kho kom zoo thiab sijhawm" 1. Kev mob ntsws ua rau muaj kev puas siab ntsws, kev sib raug zoo thiab kev lag luam rau cov neeg mob thiab kev kho mob. Txhua xyoo NS siv nyiaj rau kev kho cov qhov txhab thiab cov neeg ncaj ncees yog kwv yees li ntawm £ 8.3 billion hauv 2017-182. Tus mob mob ntev ntev hauv Tebchaws Meskas, nrog Medicare kwv yees tus nqi kho mob txhua xyoo ntawm cov neeg mob txhua xyoo 28.1- $ 96.8 billion3.
Kev kis tus kab mob yog ib qho tseem ceeb tiv thaiv kho kom zoo. Cov kab mob feem ntau tshwm sim raws li biofilms, uas yog tam sim no hauv 78% ntawm tsis kho cov mob ntev. Biofilms daim ntawv thaum microorganism ua piv txwv rau cov chaw, thiab muaj peev xwm sib xyaw ua ke, thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov zej zog. Qhov txhab biofilm yog txuam nrog kev ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo teb ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas tsuaj, uas tuaj yeem ncua lossis tiv thaiv kho kom zoo. Qhov nce hauv cov ntaub so ntswg puas tuaj yeem yog rau hauv ib feem mus rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm Matrix Metalloproteinases, elastase, elaste thiab reasive oxygen hom. Ntxiv mus, inflammatory thiab bioflms yog lawv tus kheej cov neeg siv khoom siab thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov pa hluav taws xob hauv zos ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob tseem ceeb.
Cov neeg raug mob biofilms yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antimicrobial los tswj cov kev mob biofilm, xws li kev kho mob tshuab ua raws cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua haujlwm. Vim tias Biofilms tuaj yeem hloov kho sai dua, tsim kev tiv thaiv zoo tuaj yeem txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov ua dua tom qab phais insebridement7.
Cov nyiaj tau siv nyob rau hauv antimicrobial hnav ris tsho thiab feem ntau siv los ua thawj-kab kev kho mob rau mob mob mob ntev. Muaj ntau ntau cov khoom lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig kev hnav khaub ncaws, txhua tus muaj cov nyiaj sib txawv, kev xav, thiab lub hauv paus matrix. Kev nce qib hauv cov pob zeb cov pob zeb nyiaj tau ua rau txoj kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej tshiab nyiaj tshiab. Daim tawv hlau ntawm cov nyiaj (AG0) yog inert; Yuav kom ua tiav cov antimicrobial ua tau zoo, nws yuav tsum plam lub tshuab hluav taws xob los ua ionic nyiaj (AG1 +). Kev hnav ris tsho nyiaj ib txwm muaj cov nyiaj sib txuas lossis xim hlau nyiaj uas, thaum raug kua, lwj tau los ua AG1 + ions. Cov Ag1 + ions hnov nrog cov kab mob ntawm tes, tshem cov tshuab hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw lossis cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tsim nyog rau kev muaj sia nyob. Kev siv thev naus laus zis tau coj mus rau kev txhim kho cov nyiaj tshiab, AG Oxysalts (ag7no11), uas muaj nyob rau hauv kev hnav khaub ncaws hnav. Tsis zoo li kev ua si ib txwm muaj, qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov pa oxygen muaj cov ntsev tsim cov nyiaj uas muaj cov nyiaj muaj txiaj ntsig (AG1 +, AG2 + thiab AG3 +). Hauv cov kev tshawb fawb dav tau pom tias cov roj oxygenated tau zoo dua li ib qho IONE nyiaj (AG1 +) Tawm tsam Airerus thiab Eschreshia Coli8,9. Lwm qhov tshiab ntawm cov nyiaj hnav khaub ncaws suav nrog cov khoom xyaw ntxiv rau cov hom phiaj biofenedia (edta) thiab ua rau nkag mus rau hauv biofilm. Cov nyiaj tshiab no cov thev naus laus zis muab cov hauv kev tshiab rau lub ntsej muag ci biofilms. Txawm li cas los xij, kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov antimicrobials ntawm lub qhov txhab thiab kho mob tus mob tseem ceeb kom paub meej tias lawv tsis muaj mob loj los yog maj mam kho. Cov kev txhawj xeeb txog nyob rau hauv Vitro Nyiaj CyTotoxicity tau tshaj tawm nrog ntau tus khaub ncaws hnav khaub ncaws 10,11. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv vitro cytotoxicity tseem tsis tau tau txhais ua hauv Vivo toxicity, thiab kev hnav khaub ncaws tau ua kom pom kev nyab xeeb profile [.
Ntawm no, peb tshawb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm carboxymethylcellos cov ris tsho muaj cov qauv zoo rau cov txiaj ntsig kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv biofilm hauv vitro thiab hauv vivo. Ib qho ntxiv, cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kev hnav ris tsho ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis sib haum xeeb tau raug ntsuas.
Txhua yam kev hnav ris tsho siv tau muaj kev lag luam muaj. 3M KERRACELS GEL FASINGING (3M, Knutsford, UK) yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv 100% carboxymelylcelleculose uas tau siv los ntawm kev tswj hwm hnav khaub ncaws hauv txoj kev kawm no. Peb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev hnav khaub ncaws tau raug tshuaj xyuas, uas yog 3M Kerracel Ag hnav khaub ncaws (3m, Knutsford, UK), uas muaj 1.7 wt%. Oxygenated Nyiaj ntsev (Ag7no11) nyob rau hauv ntau dua cov nyiaj ntau dua eions (AG1 +, AG2 + thiab AG3 +). Thaum lub sij hawm decomposition ntawm Ag7No11, AG1 +, AG2 + thiab AG3 + ions yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug sib piv ntawm 1: 2: 4. Aquacel Ag Ntxiv Hnav Khaub Ncaws Muaj 1.2% Nyiaj Chloride (AG1 +) (Edta thiab Aquaracel Chloride (Kev Ntseeg, Lueside, UK) 14.
Cov hom kab siv hauv txoj kev kawm no tau pseudomonas a censc)
Cov kab mob tau cog ib hmos hauv Muller-Hinton broth (oxoid, altrincham, UK). Cov kab lis kev cai hla dhau los yog Liluted-Hinton Broth thiab 200 μm Wordmer lub phiaj (Sigma-Aldrich tuam txhab Ltd, Kent, Great Britain ). ) Chololial biofilm tsim ntawm 37 ° C rau 24 teev. Cov choligms no yog kuaj rau cov shrakemic shrinkage.
Txiav cov khaub ncaws hnav mus rau 3 CM2 square pieces thiab ua ntej-moisten nrog kua dej tsis muaj nuj nqis. Tso cov ntaub qhwv ntawm lub colofilm ntawm pawg ntawm lub phaj agar. Txhua 24 HA ntawm Biofilm tau raug tshem tawm, thiab siv tau rau biofilm (CLU / ML) muaj hnub nyoog nruab hnub (10-1 rau 10-7). Tom qab 24 teev ntawm kev tsim kom loj hlob ntawm 37 ° C, qauv phaj suav tau ua rau Mueller-Hinton Agar daim hlau. Txhua qhov kev kho mob thiab lub sijhawm taw tes tau ua nyob rau hauv triplical, thiab phaj suav tau rov ua dua rau txhua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.
Nqaij npuas plab yog tau los ntawm poj niam loj npua dawb nyob rau hauv 15 feeb ntawm slaughrance raws li European Unport cov qauv. Daim tawv nqaij tau shaved thiab ntxuav nrog cov ntaub so cawv, ces khov ntawm -80 ° C rau 24 teev rau devitalize tawv nqaij. Tom qab yaj, 1 cm2 daim tau ntxuav peb zaug nrog PBS, 0.6% Sodium hypochlorite, thiab 70% ethanol rau 20 feeb txhua zaus. Ua ntej tshem tawm cov epidermis, tshem tawm ib qho ntxiv txiv neej los ntawm kev ntxuav 3 zaug hauv sterile PBS. Cov tawv nqaij tau raug kev coj mus los ntawm ib lub phaj 6-siab nrog 0.45-μm-tuab ntaub qhwv (millma) ntxiv nrog 10% dulbecco txoj kev hloov kho Dav dawb hau. Nruab Nrab (Dulbecco tus qauv hloov kho dav dawb - Aldrich Ltd.).
Colonial Biofilms tau loj raws li tau piav qhia rau kev tshawb fawb biofilm. Tom qab coj cov biofilm ntawm daim nyias nyias rau 72 teev, biofilm tau thov rau cov tawv nqaij saum npoo av thiab daim nyias nyias raug tshem tawm. Lub biofilm yog tom qab muab tso rau ntawm tus npua rau ntawm tus npua rau ib qho ntxiv 247 ° C kom cia lub biofilm kom paub tab thiab ua raws li tus npua tawv. Tom qab biofilm tau matured thiab txuas, 1.5 CM2 hnav khaub ncaws, tau thov ncaj qha rau cov tawv nqaij distilled, tau thov ncaj qha rau ntawm cov tawv nqaij saum npoo av thiab muab tso rau ntawm 37 ° C rau 24 teev. Cov kab mob uas tseem ceeb tau pom los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub neej Siv Leica DFC425 Digital lub koob yees duab kom tau cov duab tam sim ntawd ntawm Leica MZ8 lub koob. Thaj chaw xim liab tau siv duab Pro software version 10 (Rockville, Rockville, MD Duab-Pro (MediaCy.com)). Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob kev tsom iav tau ua raws li tau piav qhia hauv qab no.
Cov kab mob cog ib hmos raug diluted 1: 100 hauv Mueller-Hinton. 200 μl ntawm kab lis kev cai tau ntxiv rau tsis huv 0.2 μm Weyman cyclopore membrane (whatman, Maidstone, UK) thiab plated ntawm Mueller-Hinton Agar. Biofilm daim hlau tau raug teeb tsa ntawm 37 ° C rau 72 teev kom tso cai ua tiav biofilm tsim.
Tom qab 3 hnub ntawm biofilm maturation, ib tug 3 cm2 square ntaub qhwv tau muab tso ncaj qha rau ntawm biofilm thiab loj kawg ntawm 37 ° C rau 24 teev. Tom qab tshem cov ntaub qhwv los ntawm biofilm nto, 1 ml ntawm prestobblue cell topility reagent (ilitrogen, Waltham, Ma) tau ntxiv rau saum npoo ntawm txhua lub biofilm rau 20 vib nas this. Cov chaw tau qhuav ua ntej cov xim hloov pauv tau sau cia siv Nikon D2300 digital koob yees duab (Nikon UK Ltd., Kingston, UK).
Npaj thaum hmo ntuj ntawm Mueller-Hinton Agar, hloov ib tus neeg cov neeg sawv cev rau 10 ML Mueller-Hinton Broth thiab tsim rau ntawm Shaker ntawm 37 ° C (100 RPM). Tom qab thoob hmo tsim kho, kab lis kev cai tau diluted 1: 100 hauv Moovher-Hinton BREYM thiab 300 μl tau pom ntawm Mueller-Hinton agar thiab loj hlob ntawm 37 ° C nyob rau hauv 72 teev Cov. Cov. Mature Biofilm tau thov rau lub qhov txhab raws li tau piav qhia hauv qab no.
Txhua yam haujlwm nrog cov tsiaj tau nqa tawm hauv University of Manchester tau pom zoo los ntawm Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab raws li cov lus qhia tau luam tawm los ntawm lub tsev chaw ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv 2012 kho Aspa. Txhua tus kws sau ntawv tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem tuaj txog tuaj txog. Yim-lub lim tiam-laus C57BL / 6J nas (envigo, oxon, UK) tau siv rau txhua qhov hauv Vivo kev tshawb fawb. Cov nas tau ua kom zoo nkauj nrog isoflurane (piramal tseem ceeb saib xyuas ltd, sab hnub poob Drayton, UK) thiab lawv cov chaw dorsal tau chais thiab ntxuav. Txhua tus nas yog muab 2 × 6 hli exceptal qhov txhab siv cov tawv nqaij biopsy punch (Schuco International, Hertfordshire, UK). Rau biofilm-kis tus kiav txhab, thov siv 72-teev Colorial txheej loj raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no tom qab raug mob thiab muab pov tseg lub cev. Ib qho xwmfab centimes ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws yog pre-moistened nrog cov dej huv kom ua kom muaj ib puag ncig huab cua. Kev hnav khaub ncaws tau thov ncaj qha rau txhua qhov txhab thiab them nrog 3m tegaderma thiab mastisol kua nplaum (FernDale, mi) thov nyob ib puag ncig cov npoo los muab adhesion ntxiv. Buprenorphine (tsiaj, York, UK) tau muab rau ntawm ib lub siab ntawm 0.1 mg / kg ua analgesic. Cull Mice peb hnub tom qab kev raug mob siv lub sijhawm 1 txoj kev thiab tshem tawm, halve, thiab khaws lub qhov txhab raws li xav tau.
Hematoxylin (thermofisher sciecious) thiab eosin (thermofaiser scientific) staining tau ua raws li cov qauv tsim qauv. Thaj chaw qhov mob thiab rov hais dua cov duab uas siv cov duab Pro software version 10 (Media Cybernetics Inc, Rockville, MD).
Cov seem ntaub so ntswg tau duasaxed hauv xyab (thermofisher scientific, lughorugh, UK), UK), thiab cov neeg kawm tiav hauv cov dej tawm (thermofaiser scientific). Immunohistochemistry tau ua tiav siv Vectastain Cov neeg tseem ceeb ABC PK-6104 Cov Khoom Siv (Vector Chaw Lag Luam, Burlinged's cov txheej txheem qauv. Thawj cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau neurophils nimp-r14b (thermofishages m3 / 84 (bd biosciences, wermingham ABC thiab Vector Nova Liab Naoxidase (HRP) Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Zej (HRP) Substrate Khoom (Vector Chaw Lag Luam, Burlingame, Ca) thiab suav nrog Hematoxylin. Cov duab tau nrhiav tau siv Olympus BX43 tsom kwm thiab Olympus DP73 digital lub koob yees duab DP73 digital (Olympus, Sab qab teb, UK).
Cov qauv tawv nqaij tau ruaj nyob rau hauv 2.5% glutaraldehyde thiab 4% formaldehyde hauv 0.1 m horsehes (pH 7.2) rau 24 teev ntawm 4 ° C. Kuaj tau lub cev qhuav dej siv cov etchanol thiab qhuav hauv CO2, UK) thiab sputter coated Cov Qwj Qwj tau Imitus siv cov Nabi Quanta 250 Scaning Electron Ntsuas (Thermofaiser Science) kom pom qhov mob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov txhab.
Toto-1 Iodide (2 μm) tau thov rau cov mo ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab raug kho rau lub syto-60 (10 μ ° C (thermofaiser scientific). 15-feeb Z-pawg cov duab tau tsim siv Leica TCS SP8.
Kev siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv tau tabulated thiab tshuaj ntsuam siv graphpad prism v9 software (graphpad software, La Jolla, Ca). Ib-txoj kev txheeb xyuas ntawm kev sib txawv nrog ntau qhov kev sib piv siv Dunnett tus ncej kev tshaj tawm tau siv los sim ua qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua qhov kev kho mob thiab cov khaub ncaws uas tsis yog-antimicrobial. Tus nqi p tus nqi <0.05 tau suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus nyiaj gel fibrous tiv thaiv biofilmolonies aureus thiab pseudomonas aeruginosa hauv vitro. Cov ris tsho hnav ris tsho muaj cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov nyiaj: tsoos tsho hnav ris tsho AG1 + ions; Nyiaj Hnav Nyiaj, uas tuaj yeem tsim AG1 + ions tom qab kev sib ntxiv ntawm EDTA / BC, tuaj yeem ua kom cov kab mob biofix thiab nthuav tawm cov kab mob nyiaj hauv cov nyiaj. ions ions ions ions ions ions ions ions ions ions ox1enings muaj cov kua roj oxygenated uas tsim AG1 +, AG2 + thiab AG3 + ions. Nws cov txiaj ntsig tau muab piv nrog cov kev tswj kav hlau tsis muaj kev hnav khaub ncaws ua los ntawm cov poj niam. Tshuav cov kab mob uas tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv biofilm tau raug ntsuas txhua 24 teev rau 8 hnub (Daim duab 1). Hnub 5, Biofilm tau rov ua nrog 3.85 × 105s. Staphylococcus aureus lossis 1.22 × 105p. aeruginosa los ntsuas biofilm rov qab. Piv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no tsis-ag1 + hnav tau tsawg ntawm cov kev siv dag zog ntawm cov kab mob Staphyas thiab Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms tshaj 5 hnub. Hauv kev sib piv, cov khaub ncaws muaj cov oxygenated Ax thiab Ax1 + + Edta / BC ntsev tau muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev tua cov kab mob hauv 5 hnub. Tom qab rov ua dua qub nrog cov kab mob Plankonictic nyob rau hnub 5, tsis kho dua ntawm biofilm tau pom (Daim duab 1).
Txawm li cas los xij yuav tsum muaj cov kab mob Staphyoccus aurigia thiab pseudomonas aerugilms tom qab kev kho cov khoom hnav. Biofilm cov kob hluav taws xob ntawm Staphyaulococus aureus thiab pseudomonas aeruginosa tau kho cov khoom hnav lossis cov kab mob uas tsis tau txiav txim siab tau txiav txim siab txhua 24 teev. Tom qab 5 hnub, Biofilm tau rov ua tau nrog 3.85 × 105s. Staphylococcus aureus lossis 1.22 × 105p. Cov kab ke ntawm cov kab ke pseudomonton pseudomonas aeruginosa tau tsim tsa ib leeg zuj zus los ntsuas kev ntsuas biofilm rov qab. Cov duab kos qhia txhais tau tias +/- tus qauv yuam kev.
Txhawm rau kom pom cov nyhuv ntawm biofilm verobility, hnav khaub ncaws tau thov rau Melofililms zus ntawm daim tawv nqaij daim tawv ex Vivo. Tom qab 24 teev, cov hnav khaub ncaws raug tshem tawm thiab biofilm yog stained nrog cov xim ua zas xim xiav, uas yog metabolized los ntawm cov kab mob nyob rau cov xim liab. Biofils kho nrog kev hnav ris tsho yog liab, qhia tias muaj cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig nyob hauv biofilm (Daim Duab 2A). Nyob rau hauv sib piv, lub biofilm kho nrog lub agonysols hnav khaub ncaws feem ntau, hais tias cov kab mob uas tseem tshuav ntawm cov xim tus tawv nqaij yog cov kab mob uas tsis yog (daim duab 2B). Sib xyaw xiav thiab paj yeeb dawb tau pom nyob rau hauv biofilms kho nrog AG1 + -Containing kev hnav khaub ncaws, qhia txog tus kab mob EDTA / BC), yog feem ntau xiav nrog xiav nrog qee cov duab liab. qhia tias thaj chaw tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm cov nyiaj hnav khaub ncaws (Daim Duab 2D). Quantification ntawm cov nquag (liab dawb) thiab tsis ua haujlwm (xiav) thaj chaw uas pom tias cov chaw tswj tau 75% nquag (daim duab 2E). AG1 + + Cov Khaub Ncaws Ncaws Pob / BC ua tau zoo sib xws rau cov Oxygenated AG NTSHAV HMOOV, nrog rau cov ciaj sia ntawm 13% thiab 14%, feem. Tus Ag1 + Hnav Hnav kuj raug txo cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm 21%. Cov biofins no tau pom siv scanning Electron metcopy (sua). Tom qab kho nrog tswj kev hnav khaub ncaws thiab AG1 + hnav khaub ncaws, ib txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij (daim duab 2, H), h), h), h), h) Collagen fibers tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog daim tawv nqaij qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij porcine (daim duab 2G). Tom qab kho nrog AG1 + + Edta / BC hnav khaub ncaws, cov quav hniav los ntawm plaques thiab underlying collagen fiber ntau plaques tau pom (Daim duab 2I).
Kev pom ntawm PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA BOOFILM tom qab kev hnav khaub ncaws hnav. (A-D) Bacterial neeg nyob hauv Pseudomonas Aerugilms zus ntawm cov tawv nqaij porcine tau 24 teev tom qab kev kho cov khoom hnav lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis muaj kev hnav khaub ncaws. Cov kab mob nyob yog liab dawb, cov kab mob uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov tawv nqaij npua xiav. (E) Kev ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm Pseudomonas Aeruginosa biofilms zus ntawm cov tawv nqaij porcine (FI SEM nplai BAR = 5 μm. (J-m) Cholofils loj hlob ntawm cov ntxaij lim dej thiab tau stained nrog prestobeblue reasive zas xim tom qab 24 h ntawm tsim kom loj hlob nrog nyiaj paj.
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb kev hnav khaub ncaws twg nyob rau ntawm cov kev hnav khaub ncaws ua kom tau txais kev hnav khaub ncaws, colonofilils tso rau ntawm qhov chaw hnav ris tsho rau 24 teev thiab tom qab ntawd stained dyes. Qhov tsis tau kho biofilm yog maub liab dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim (Daim duab 2J). Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau biofilms kho nrog kev hnav khaub ncaws muaj cov roj oxygenated nrog cov khaub ncaws AG1 + lossis Ax1 + + Edta / BC pom bands ntawm liab staining (Daim duab 2L, m). Cov xim paj yeeb no qhia tias muaj cov kab mob uas tseem ceeb thiab cuam tshuam nrog thaj chaw suture hauv kev hnav khaub ncaws. Cov seawn no-hauv cov cheeb tsam tsim chaw tuag uas cia cov kab mob nyob hauv biofilm kom muaj sia nyob.
Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom hnav ris tsho hauv vivo, puv-tuab ua rau cov nas muaj mob biofticrobial lossis cov khoom hnav nyiaj. Tom qab 3 hnub ntawm kev kho, macroscopic tsom kwm cov tshuaj lom me me thaum kho cov tshuaj lom neeg uas tsis yog kev hnav khaub ncaws thiab lwm yam khoom hnav khaub ncaws (Daim duab 3A-H). Txhawm rau paub cov kev soj ntsuam no, cov qhov txhab raug muab tua thiab ua kom lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas siv cov duab Pro software version 10 (Daim duab 3i-L).
Cov nyhuv ntawm cov khoom hnav ris tsho ntawm lub qhov txhab nto thiab rov ua dua ntawm cov kab mob kis tau tus kab mob biofilms. (A-H) cov hlwb me me uas muaj tus mob biofomonas aeruginas a hnav khaub ncaws. Tus sawv cev macroscopic cov duab. Qhov txhab ntawm nas nrog AG1 + + Edta / BC hnav khaub ncaws. (IL) Tus sawv cev PEsudomonas Aeruginosa kis tus kab mob, hematevin thiab eosin, siv los seb puas siv rau qhov txhab cov qhov txhab thiab epithelial kev tsim dua tshiab. Txawm li cas los ntawm thaj chaw raug mob (m, o) thiab feem pua ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj tus mob pseudomonas aerus Cov duab kos qhia txhais tau tias +/- tus qauv yuam kev. * txhais tau tias p = <0.05 ** txhais tau tias p = <0.01; Macroscopic nplai = 2.5 hli, keeb kwm nplai = 500 μm.
Kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm qhov txhab hauv cov kab mob uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau kho nrog cov khaub ncaws tsis muaj zog ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 3.1 mm2, uas tsis yog muaj tseeb. Mus txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb (Daim Duab 3M). p = 0.423). Cov qhov txhab kho nrog AG1 + lossis AP1 + + Edta / BC pom tsis muaj kev txo qis hauv thaj chaw qhov mob (3.1 mm2 thiab 3.6 mm2, ntsig txog). Kev kho mob nrog oxygenated Ax Chill hnav khaub ncaws txhawb nqa rov ua kom zoo dua li qhov tsis-0.029) thiab AG1 + lossis AG1 + lossis APTA / 10%) ( Daim duab 3N). Cov. , ntsig txog).
Cov qauv zoo sib xws hauv thaj chaw qhov muag thiab epithelial kev tsim dua tshiab tau raug pom nyob rau hauv qhov txhab mob nrog S. Actus biofilms (daim duab 3o). Kev hnav khaub ncaws muaj cov roj oxygenated txo cov kev hnav khaub ncaws (2.0 mm2) los ntawm kev tswj hwm uas tsis yog qhov kev txo qis tsis tseem ceeb (p = 0.304) (Daim duab 3o). Ib qho ntxiv, lub qhov txhab thaj tsam hauv AG1 + pawg kho me ntsis (2.4 mm2), thaum lub qhov txhab kho mob tsis tau txo lub qhov txhab (2.9 mm2). Cov ntsev cov pa ntawm Axy Repoted rov ua dua tshiab ntawm S. Actus biofilm (31%) kom tau txais kev nyab xeeb ntau dua li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev hnav khaub ncaws (12%, p = 0.003) (daim duab 3p). Ag1 + Hnav khaub ncaws (16%, p = 0.903) thiab AV + 1 + Edta / BC hnav khaub ncaws (14%, p = 0.965) qhia ntau yam zoo ib yam li kev tswj hwm epithelial.
Txhawm rau kom pom cov nyhuv ntawm cov nyiaj hnav ris tsho ntawm biofilm matrix, toto 1 thiab Syto 60 Iodide Staining tau ua (Daim duab 4). Toto 1 Iodide yog lub xovtooj ntawm tes uas tuaj yeem siv tau los ua kom pom tseeb cov khoom siv cov nucleic nucleic, uas muaj ntau nyob hauv EPS ntawm Biofilms. Syto 60 yog cell permleable zas siv raws li lub nroog suav16. Kev soj ntsuam ntawm Toto 1 thiab Syto 60 Iodide hauv qhov txhab hauv PeSudomonas Aeruginosa (Daim duab ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws, EPS hauv Biofilm tau txo qis. Muaj cov ntsev oxygenated Ax thiab AG1 + + Edta / BC. AG1 + Kev hnav khaub ncaws yam tsis tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv uas tau txo cov qhov txhab hauv cov qhov txhab tsis muaj zog nrog cov staphylococcus aureus.
Hauv Vivo cov duab ntawm qhov txhab ntawm lub qhov txhab biofilm tom qab 3 hnub ntawm kev kho mob nrog kev tswj hwm lossis cov khoom hnav nyiaj. Kev ua tiav cov duab ntawm PSETUDOMONAS AERRUGINOSA (A-D) thiab QUB (I-l) Txhawm rau stash intracellular nucleic acids, siv Syto 60 (liab). acids. P. Kuaj rau hauv tshuab hluav taws xob me me ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj tus mob pseudomonas aeruginosa (M-p) bisofilms a.6/huv ntawm kev kho mob ntxiv nrog kev tswj hwm thiab cov nyiaj hnav. SEM nplai BAR = 5 μm. Kev nkag siab ntsuas nplai Bar = 50 μm.
Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob uas pom tias nas inoculated nrog cov pepaconas a
Txhawm rau ntsuas cov nyhuv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig hnav ris tsho ntawm biofilm-kis cov tshuaj lom neeg raug kho kom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau neutrophils thiab macrophages. Kev txiav txim siab ntau ntawm neutrophils thiab macrophages sab hauv. granulation cov ntaub so ntswg. Daim duab 5). Txhua cov nyiaj tau los txo tus naj npawb ntawm neutrophils thiab macroundomonas aeruginas atered nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis-antimicrobial tom qab peb hnub ntawm kev kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho mob nrog cov oxygenated nyiaj ntsev ua rau muaj kev txo ntau dua hauv neundrophils (p = <0.0001) piv rau lwm cov nyiaj kev hnav khaub ncaws (Daim duab 5I, J). Txawm hais tias AG1 + + Edta / BC tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua ntawm lub qhov txhab biofilm, nws txo cov qib neugrophil thiab macroughage theem kom tsawg dua li AG1 + hnav khaub ncaws. Mob taub hau nrog S. Actus biofilm kuj tseem pom tom qab kev hnav khaub ncaws nrog AG (p = 0.0008 + (p = 0.0043) oxisols piv rau kev tswj hwm. Zoo sib xws li yog pom rau neutropenia. ntaub qhwv (Daim duab 5k). Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog cov Oxygenated Ax Chip hnav tsoos tsho pom tias muaj kev tswj hwm ntawm cov kab mob granulation ntawm s. aureus biofilms (p = 0.0339) (Daim duab 5L).
Neutrophils thiab macrophagent muaj nuj nqis rau cov kiav txhab uas muaj pseudomonas aeruginosa thiab Staphylococcus aureas biochlormial tswj lossis kev hnav khaub ncaws tsis muaj nyiaj. Neutrophils (ad) thiab macrophages (EH) tau muaj nuj nqis hauv cov seem ntaub so ntswg nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb rau neutrophils lossis macrophages. Txawm li cas los neurophils (i thiab k) thiab macrophages (j thiab l) hauv cov kab mob uas muaj tus mob pseudomonas aer areus (k & l) bisofilms. N = 12 ib pawg. Cov duab kos qhia txhais tau tias yog +/- tus qauv yuam kev, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws qhov tseem ceeb piv rau cov hnav khaub ncaws tsis yog-ill) <0.05, ** ** txhais tau tias p = <0.01; *** txhais tau tias p = <0.001; qhia p = <0.0001).
Peb mam li ntsuas cov nyhuv ntawm cov kev hnav khaub ncaws nyiaj ntawm kev kho mob uas muaj kev kho mob. Tsis-tus kab mob excisional qhov txhab tau kho nrog cov khaub ncaws uas tsis muaj kev hnav khaub ncaws hnav lossis cov khaub ncaws hnav rau 3 hnub (daim duab 6). Ntawm cov nyiaj kev hnav khaub ncaws tau kuaj, tsuas yog cov kiav txhab kho nrog cov pa ntsev hnav me me ntawm macroscopic cov duab ntau dua li cov kiav txhab kho nrog kev tswj hwm (Daim duab 6A-D). Kev ntsuas thaj chaw ntawm cov chaw hauv paus uas siv cov kev tshuaj xyuas cov keeb kwm kev kho mob yog 2.35 mm2 rau kev kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tswj hwm Cov. 6I). Hauv kev sib piv, tsis muaj kev txo qis hauv thaj chaw raug mob tau pom tom qab kev kho mob nrog Ag1 + (3.38 mm2) lossis AG1 + P = 0.054) kev hnav khaub ncaws piv rau pawg tswj hwm. Muaj kev tsim kho epithelial epithelial tau pom nrog ag oxysol hnav sib piv piv rau pawg neeg tswj (30%, qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig yav dhau los. Kev hnav khaub ncaws nrog oxysols txhawb nqa rov ua dua. -Yog kom tsis txhob raug kaw qhov ntswg17. Nyob rau hauv kev sib piv, kev kho nrog AG1 + lossis AG1 + + Edta / BC tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lossis qhia tau txo rov qab los tswj hwm.
Cov nyhuv ntawm cov nyiaj txhab hnav ris tsho ntawm qhov txhab kho kom zoo hauv cov nas uas tsis muaj kev sib tshuam. (AD) Tus Sawv Cev Macroscopic ntawm cov qhov txhab tom qab peb hnub ntawm kev kho nrog cov khaub ncaws tsis-antimicrobial thiab kev hnav khaub ncaws nyiaj. (EH) Tus sawv cev sawv cev rau lub qhov txhab stained nrog hematoxylin thiab eosin. Txawm tias muaj nuj nqis ntawm thaj chaw raug mob (i) thiab feem pua ntawm kev rov qab los ntawm thaj tsam ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov txhab uas siv cov duab ntsuas software (n = 11-12 rau ib pab pawg). Cov duab kos qhia txhais tau tias +/- tus qauv yuam kev. * txhais tau tias p = <0.05.
Cov nyiaj tau muaj keeb kwm ntev ntawm kev siv ua antimicrobial kev kho mob hauv qhov txhab zoo thiab cov kev sib txawv thiab cov kev xa khoom sib txawv yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov anticroby 18. Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antibifm thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom xa tawm nyiaj tau los tsis nkag siab. Txawm hais tias cov tswv yim immune immune yog siv tau rau kev tiv thaiv planktonic, nws yog feem ntau tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig tawm tsam biofilms19. Cov kab mob planktonic tau yooj yim phabopytes los ntawm macrophages, tab sis nyob rau hauv biofregated cells tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv cov teeb meem uas yauv ua kom muaj zog ntxiv rau txhim kho cov lus tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws tau raug pom tias qee cov leukocytes tuaj yeem nkag biofilds21 tab sis tsis muaj peev xwm phagocytose bacteria Thaum tus tiv thaiv no yog kev cuam tshuam22. Ib txoj kev pab tagnrho yuav tsum tau siv los pab txhawb nqa tus tswv cuab kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau kev kis mob biofilm. Lub qhov txhab debridemememement tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau biofilm thiab tshem tawm feem ntau ntawm bioburden, tshwj xeeb yog tias cov tswv teb tsis muaj zog yog nyom. Yog li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antimicrobial xws li cov nyiaj hnav ris tsho tuaj yeem pab txhawb nqa cov tswv yim tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob biofilm. Kev sib xyaw, kev xav, solubility, thiab tus me nyuam substrate tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov antimicrobial zoo ntawm nyiaj. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, kev nce qib hauv cov kev siv thev naus laus zis tau ua cov khaub ncaws hnav zoo tshaj plaws9,23. Raws li Silver Tshuab Hnav Ua Ntej, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog cov kev hnav khaub ncaws no hauv kev tswj hwm cov nyiaj ntawm lub qhov txhab thiab kho kom zoo.
Hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb no, peb muab piv rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ob qhov kev hnav khaub ncaws siab nrog cov nyiaj hnav ris tsho uas tsim cov khoom siv tsis zoo uas siv cov qauv sib txawv hauv Vitro thiab hauv Vivo qauv kev sib txawv. Peb kuj tau txheeb xyuas cov nyhuv ntawm cov kev hnav khaub ncaws no ntawm lub qhov txhab thiab kho mob tus kheej kho kom zoo. Txhawm rau txo cov cawv ntawm kev xa khoom me me, txhua cov nyiaj kev hnav khaub ncaws hnav tau tsim los ntawm Carboxymethylcelleculose.
Peb qhov kev tshuaj xyuas kev ua ntej ntawm cov nyiaj paj nruag biofilms ntawm pseudomonas aerka ob peb hnub. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev hnav khaub ncaws no tiv thaiv rov ua dua tshiab ntawm biofilm thaum rov ua dua li cov kab mob plankonicic. Lub Ag1 + Hnav Hnav Muaj Cov Nyiaj Ci, tib lub pob txuas nrog Ag1 + + Edta / BC, thiab tau muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob tsis pub dhau lub caij nyoog tib lub sijhawm. Kev soj ntsuam uas muaj AG1 + + Edta / BC ua tau zoo dua ntawm cov kev xav ntxiv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov nyiaj ntawm cov nyiaj pab me me, raws li tau tshaj tawm lwm qhov15. Cov txiaj ntsig no txhawb lub tswv yim tias BC thiab Edta ua ib qho kev hnav khaub ncaws ntxiv thiab qhov tsis muaj kev hnav ris tsho hauv AG1 + kev hnav khaub ncaws yuav ua rau pom tias nyob rau hauv vitro efficacy. Peb pom tias cov oxygenated Axaj Hnav khaub ncaws ua Ag2 + thiab AG3 + ntawm theem pom zoo li AG1 + + Edta / BC. Txawm li cas los xij, vim lub siab redox siab, nws tsis paub meej ntev npaum li cas ntev AG3 + ions ntev li cas nquag thiab ua tau zoo tiv thaiv biofilms thiab yog li ntawd siv kev kawm ntxiv. Ib qho ntxiv, muaj ntau yam kev hnav khaub ncaws hnav sib txawv uas tsim kom muaj AG1 + ions uas tsis tau sim hauv txoj kev kawm no. Cov kev hnav ris tsho no yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txawv cov nyiaj sib txawv, kev siv, thiab cov hauv paus matrices, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev xa tawm ntawm Ag1 + ions thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Biofilms. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia uas muaj ntau yam sib txawv hauv Vitro thiab Vivo qauv siv los ntsuas qhov kev hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv kev hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv biofilms. Hom qauv siv, nrog rau cov ntsev thiab protein cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov xov xwm siv hauv cov qauv no, yuav cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws. Hauv peb tus qauv Vivo, peb tso cai rau biofilm rau paub tab hauv vitro thiab tom qab ntawd pauv nws mus rau dermal saum toj ntawm lub qhov txhab. Tus tswv tsev nas immune immune immuntately tsis zoo tawm tsam planktonic cov kab mob thov rau lub qhov txhab zoo li lub qhov txhab zoo. Qhov kev sib ntxiv ntawm biofilm kev txwv rau lub zog ntawm tus tswv cuab kev tiv thaiv kabmob los tsim nws tus kheej hauv lub qhov txhab ua ntej kho tau. Yog li, peb tus qauv tso cai rau peb los ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws antimicrobial ntawm cov biofilms ua ntej cov kiav txhab pib kho.
Peb kuj pom tias kev hnav khaub ncaws haum cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov nyiaj hnav ris tsho nyob rau hauv vitro-grown biofilms thiab porcine daim tawv. Zaj hu rau lub qhov txhab raug suav tias tseem ceeb rau cov antimicrobial ua tau zoo ntawm cov khaub ncaws24,25. Kev hnav khaub ncaws muaj cov kua roj oxygenated tau nyob ze nrog cov kab mob biofilms ze, ua rau muaj tus kab mob tseem ceeb hauv Biofilm tom qab 24 teev. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, thaum kho nrog AG1 + thiab AG1 + + Edta / BC hnav khaub ncaws, cov kab mob tseem ceeb tseem. Cov kev hnav ris tsho no muaj cov sutures raws tag nrho ntev ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws, uas tsim qhov chaw tuag uas tiv thaiv kev sib cuag nrog biofilm. Nyob rau hauv peb nyob rau hauv peb cov kev tshawb fawb venp, cov chaw uas tsis muaj kev sib ze tiv thaiv kev tua cov kab mob hauv lub biofilm. Peb tau ntsuas kev sib kis tau tsuas yog tom qab 24 teev ntawm kev kho; Sij hawm dhau mus, raws li cov hnav khaub ncaws yuav dhau los, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov chaw tuag tsawg dua, txo thaj tsam rau cov kab mob no. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tseem ceeb qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws, tsis yog hom nyiaj hauv kev hnav khaub ncaws.
Thaum nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb fawb vitro muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv ntawm cov kev hnav khaub ncaws sib txawv, nws kuj tseem ceeb kom cov kev hnav khaub ncaws thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kev hnav ris tsho tiv thaiv biofilms. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub qhov txhab noofilms tau pom siv scanning electron microsing ntawm biofilm siv intracellular thiab Extracellular DNA dyes. Peb pom tias tom qab 3 hnub ntawm kev kho mob, txhua txoj kev hnav ris tsho, tag nrho cov khaub ncaws txo qis hauv biofilm-kis tau zoo hauv Staphyrococcus aureus-kis tus kab mob. Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob me me ntxiv tau pom tias cov kab mob hnav ntau dua nrog cov oxygenated cov roj pleev kev hnav khaub ncaws thiab cov khoom noj muaj editta / BC piv rau AG1 + hnav khaub ncaws. Cov ntaub ntawv no qhia tau tias cov nyiaj kev hnav khaub ncaws hnav sib txawv ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm biofilm qauv, tab sis tsis muaj ib txoj kev hnav khaub ncaws sib txawv, tab sis tsis muaj ib qho kev hnav khaub ncaws biofilm, tab sis tsis muaj ib qho kev hnav khaub ncaws biofilm, tab sis tsis muaj ntawm kev kho mob biofilm kis tau; Kev siv cov pob zeb armandbands. Kev kho yog preceded los ntawm lub cev ntawm lub cev tawm tsam kom tshem tawm feem ntau ntawm biofilm.
Mob nqaij ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev mob hlwb loj, ua rau cov pa roj ntsha uas xav tau rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab tsis xav tau rau lub cev metabolism thiab muaj nuj nqi hauv lub qhov txhab. Biofilms exacerbate no tsis zoo rau kev cuam tshuam rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kev kho mob thiab kev ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm protokines27. Raws li cov nyiaj hnav ris tsho ua tau zoo dua, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog qhov cuam tshuam lawv muaj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev kho thiab kho kom zoo.
Qhov ntxim nyiam, Txawm hais tias txhua lub nyiaj hnav ris tsho cuam tshuam biofilm muaj pes tsawg leeg, tsuas yog oxygen nyiaj ntsev nce rov qab los ntawm cov kis mob no. Cov ntaub ntawv no txhawb peb cov kev tshawb pom yav dhau los 17 xyoo thiab cov Kalan li Al. (2017) 28, uas ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev lom zem ntawm oxygenated cov nyiaj ntsev, raws li qis dua ntawm cov nyiaj biofilms.
Peb txoj kev tshawb nrhiav tam sim no muaj cov kev sib txawv hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov roj antimicrobial thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov thev naus laus zis thiab kev kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb dhau los qhia tias AG1 + + Edta / BC hnav txhim kho cov luav pob ntseg hauv vivo. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tuaj yeem yog vim qhov sib txawv hauv cov qauv tsiaj, cov sijhawm ntsuas, thiab cov qauv kev thov thiab kab mob kab mob29. Hauv qhov no, kev ntsuas mob lub cev tau siv 12 hnub tom qab kev raug mob tso cai rau cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws kom ua raws li lub sij hawm biofilm. Qhov no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev tshawb fawb uas tau qhia tias tus kab mob mob caj dab kom muaj AG1 + + Edta / BC pib rau AG1 + + Edta / BC thiab hauv 4 lub lis piam siv cov tsis-antimicrobials. tshuaj. CMC cov kev ris tsho kom txo qis qhov loj ntawm qhov mob rwj.
Qee cov ntaub ntawv thiab ntau cov nyiaj tau qhia yav tas los tau pom tias yog cytotoxic hauv vitro 11, tab sis cov no nyob rau hauv cov txiaj ntsig vitro 11, tab sis cov no nyob rau hauv cov kev cuam tshuam zoo hauv Vivo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev nce qib hauv cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis thiab kev nkag siab zoo dua ntawm cov kev hnav khaub ncaws thiab cov khoom hnav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov nyiaj hnav khaub ncaws cov nyiaj tau los, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khaub ncaws no ntawm lub qhov txhab 91,32,33. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias cov nqi ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv feem ntawm kev tawm tsam rau cov pro-inflamche m1 phenotype. Qhov no tau sau tseg hauv tus qauv nas yav dhau los uas cov txiaj ntsig hydrogel qhov txhab tau muab piv nrog nyiaj sulpadiazine thiab tsis muaj antimicrobial hydrogels34.
Ntev ntev ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov thiab nws tau pom zoo tias muaj cov kev cuam tshuam ntau dhau los yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov qhov txhab zoo li.35. Hauv kev kawm hauv neutrophil-depleted mice, muaj ntawm neutrophils ncua sij hawm reepithelialization. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov neutrophils ua rau cov hom oxoxide siab, xws li hydrogen peroxide, uas yog cuam tshuam nrog mob ntev thiab kho qeeb37,38. Ib yam li ntawd, kev nce ntxiv hauv macrophage tus lej, yog tias tswj tsis tau, tuaj yeem ua rau ncua lub qhov txhab kho kho kho tshiab39. Qhov nce no yog qhov tseem ceeb yog tias macrophages tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntawm cov phenotype, uas ua rau cov kab mob phenotype, uas ua rau muaj kev mob siab rau kev kho kom zoo li40. Peb tau pom ib qho kev txo qis hauv neutrophils thiab macrophages hauv Biofilm-kis cov khoom noj khoom haus tom qab 3 hnub txo tau ntau dua nrog cov tshuaj oxygenated ntsev. Qhov kev txo qis no yuav yog cov txiaj ntsig ncaj qha rau cov nyiaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev zoo thiab yog li lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub qhov txhab raug txo. Txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlwb hauv lub qhov txhab yuav tswj tau ib puag ncig kom ua rau lub qhov txhab kom zoo. Cov kws kho mob ntawm kev ua ntawm De Agysalts kho kom muaj oxygen ua kom tsis muaj pa, tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov no thiab xav tau kev kawm ntxiv no.
Mob xwm txheej tsis zoo rau cov neeg kws kho mob rau cov kws khomob hab cov tuabneeg kws kho mob. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam hnav ris tsho Antimicrobial zoo, tshawb fawb tsis tshua muaj rau lwm qhov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau lub qhov txhab me. Qhov kev kawm no qhia tau tias kev sib txawv cov thev naus laus zis muaj cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv thiab, tseem ceeb, sib txawv ntawm kev kho tus mob. Txawm hais tias cov no nyob rau hauv Vitro thiab hauv Vivo kev tshawb fawb qhia tau qhov kev hnav khaub ncaws no hauv kev kho cov khoom siv kho mob thiab txhawb nqa cov kev hnav khaub ncaws ntawm cov kev hnav khaub ncaws.
Lub datasets siv thiab / lossis tshuaj xyuas thaum txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no muaj los ntawm tus sau tus sau rau kev thov tsim nyog.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Jul-15-2024