Augmented Real tseeb (AR) thev naus laus zis tau muaj pov thawj ua tau zoo hauv kev nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv thiab muab cov khoom 3D tso. Txawm hais tias cov tub ntxhais kawm feem ntau siv cov ntaub ntawv AR ntawm cov khoom siv txawb, qauv yas lossis 2D cov duab yog tseem dav siv hauv hniav txiav cov kev qoj ib ce. Vim yog peb-seem ntawm cov hniav, kho hniav carving cov tub ntxhais kawm lub ntsej muag muaj kev sib tw uas muab cov lus qhia ib txwm muaj. Hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb no, peb tau tsim txoj kev qhia txog kev kho mob carving (ar-tcpt) thiab piv nws nrog tus qauv yas ua ib qho kev xyaum ua thiab kev paub nrog nws siv.
Txhawm rau sim ua cov hniav txiav, peb ua ntu zus tau tsim 3D cov khoom uas suav nrog lub caninary canine thiab martberary thawj tus kws tshaj lij ua ntej (kauj ruam 13), thiab mandibular thawj molar (kauj ruam 14). Cov cim cim tsim kev siv cov ntaub ntawv software Photoshop tau muab rau txhua tus hniav. Tsim cov ntawv thov kev txawb ntawm kev siv cov cav sib koom ua ke. Txog kev kho hniav carving, 52 cov neeg koom nrog tau muab rau cov pab pawg tswj hwm (n = 26; siv cov qauv yas) lossis 26; siv ar-tcpt). Cov lus nug 22-cov khoom tau siv los ntsuas cov neeg siv kev paub. Kev ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv tshawb xyuas tau coj los siv qhov tsis muaj cov mannparum-Whitney U sim los ntawm SPSS kev pab cuam.
AR-TCPT siv lub xov tooj ntawm tes lub koob yees duab los tshawb pom cov duab cim duab thiab muab cov khoom 3D ntawm cov hniav tawg. Cov neeg siv tuaj yeem tswj lub cuab yeej los tshuaj xyuas txhua kauj ruam lossis kawm cov duab ntawm cov hniav. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov neeg siv kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias piv rau cov pab pawg tswj cov qauv siv cov qauv yas, cov qauv kev sim ua kom tau ntau dua ntawm cov hniav carving.
Piv nrog cov qauv yas tsoos, arc-tcpt muab cov neeg siv khoom zoo dua thaum carving hniav. Lub cuab tam tau yooj yim rau kev nkag tau raws li nws tau tsim los siv los ntawm cov neeg siv ntawm mobile pab kiag li lawm. Yuav tsum muaj kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los txiav txim siab txog kev kawm txog kev kawm ntawm AR-TCTP ntawm qhov kom pom cov hniav kom zoo raws li tus neeg siv khoom muaj peev xwm.
Kev kho hniav morphology thiab cov kev tawm dag zog ua tau yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kws kho hniav. Chav kawm no muab cov lus qhia rau cov kev qhia thiab cov lus qhia ua tswv yim ntawm morpermology, muaj nuj nqi thiab kos duab ncaj qha ntawm cov qauv hniav [1]. Txoj kev coj ua ntawm kev qhia yog los kawm theoretically thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov hniav txhuam hniav raws li cov ntsiab cai tau kawm. Cov tub ntxhais kawm siv ob-seem (2D) cov duab ntawm cov hniav thiab cov qauv yas rau cov hniav puab rau cov ciab lossis plaster blocks [3,4,5]. Kev nkag siab txog kev kho hniav morphology yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho kho hniav thiab cov ntaub qhia ntawm kev kho hniav hauv kev kho mob. Qhov tseeb kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev tawm tsam thiab cov hniav sib kis, raws li tau qhia los ntawm lawv cov duab, yog qhov tseem ceeb los tswj hwm cov khoom thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub plab [6, 7]. Txawm hais tias cov kev kawm tu hniav yuav pab cov tub ntxhais kawm nkag siab txog kev kho hniav morphology, lawv tseem ntsib kev sib tw nrog kev coj ua.
Cov neeg tuaj tshiab rau kev xyaum ntawm kev kho hniav morphology yog ntsib nrog kev sib tw ntawm kev sib tw thiab luam tawm 2D cov duab hauv peb qhov ntev (3D) [8,9,10]. Hniav cov duab ib txwm muaj tshwm sim los ntawm ob-seem kos duab lossis cov duab kos, ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv kev pom hniav morphology. Ib qho ntxiv, yuav tsum tau sai sai ua kev kho hniav hauv qhov chaw tsawg thiab sijhawm, txuas nrog rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ua tswv yim thiab pom tias muaj 3D duab [11]. Txawm hais tias yas kev kho hniav qauv (uas tuaj yeem nthuav tawm raws li ib nrab ua tiav lossis hauv daim ntawv qhia cov qauv yas yog feem ntau ua haujlwm rau cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm [4]. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qauv kev qoj ib ce muaj zog no yog tus tswv thiab tsis tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ib tus tub ntxhais kawm ua kom lub nra hnyav thaum lub sijhawm kawm. Cov kws qhia feem ntau qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm coob thaum ua kev coj ua, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tus kws qhia ntev rau cov theem nrab ntawm carving [12]. Yog li ntawd, muaj kev xav tau rau cov kev xaiv carving los pab txhawb kev coj ua ntawm cov hniav carving thiab kom txo cov kev txwv los ntawm cov qauv yas.
Augmented Real tseeb (AR) thev naus laus zis tau tawm los ua cov khoom siv cog lus rau kev txhim kho cov kev kawm paub. Los ntawm overlaying digital cov ntaub ntawv mus rau ib puag ncig tiag tiag, ar thev naus laus zis thiab kev sib tham nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm uas tau sib tham ntau ntxiv. Garzón [14] Tawm ntawm 25 xyoo ntawm kev paub nrog thawj peb tiam ntawm kev ntsuas cov nqi thiab cov ntawv thov ntawm AR tau txhim kho kev kawm tau zoo Cov yam ntxwv. Cov. Thaum tsim thiab teeb tsa, cov ntawv thov mobile cia lub koob yees duab kom paub txog thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv ntsig txog cov khoom uas pom tau tias, yog li kev txhim kho cov neeg siv khoom [15, 16]. Ar thev naus laus zis los ntawm kev lees paub sai sai los ntawm cov qauv xov tooj ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes, ua kom pom cov ntaub ntawv 3D overlaid 3D cov ntaub ntawv thaum kuaj [17]. Los ntawm manipulating mobile pab pawg lossis cov duab cim, cov neeg siv tau yooj yim thiab nkag siab thiab nkag siab txog 3D qauv [18 hli [18]. Hauv kev txheeb xyuas los ntawm Akçayır thiab Akçayır [19], AR tau pom tias nce ntxiv "kev lom zem" thiab ua tiav "nce qib kev kawm." Txawm li cas los xij, vim cov nyom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem yog "tsim nyog rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntxiv," Xav tau cov lus qhia ntxiv [19, 20, 20]. Yog li ntawd, kev siv zog yuav tsum tau txhim kho kev kawm tus nqi ntawm AR los ntawm nce kev siv tau thiab txo cov haujlwm ua haujlwm ntau dhau. Cov xwm txheej no yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum siv cov thev naus laus zis los tsim cov cuab yeej kev kawm rau kev coj ua tus hniav carving.
Txhawm rau coj cov qauv coj zoo rau cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv kev kho hniav siv cov chaw ib puag ncig, yuav tsum tau ua txuas ntxiv. Txoj hauv kev no tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev sib txawv thiab txhawb kev nrhiav [22]. Pib carvers tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm los ntawm kev ua raws li cov kauj ruam digital-dhau-kauj ruam-ib-kauj ruam carving txheej [23]. Qhov tseeb, ib qib kev qhia txog ib qib zuj zus tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua tiav ntawm lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm Kev Txum Tim Rov Qab Los [24]. Hauv kev kho mob kho hniav ntxiv, kev siv cov kos duab tso rau ntawm cov hniav yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los pab cov tub ntxhais kawm txhim kho lawv cov kev txawj [25]. Txoj kev kawm no ua kom tsim kho cov cuab yeej siv tsis zoo (AR-TCPT) haum rau cov khoom siv txawb thiab ntsuas nws cov kev paub cov neeg siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev tshawb no piv cov qauv siv cov qauv txheej txheem txheej txheem los ntsuas qhov peev xwm ntawm ar-tcpt ua cov cuab yeej siv.
Ar-tcpt yog tsim rau cov khoom siv txawb siv ar technology. Cov cuab yeej no yog tsim los tsim cov kauj ruam-ntawm-qib 3D cov cantry canines, Mandibular ua ntej tshaj tawm, thiab Mandibular ua ntej cov hniav puas. Thawj zaug 3D ua qauv tau nqa tawm siv 3D Studio Max (2019, Autodesk Inc., USA), thiab kawg tau nqa tawm siv ZBREL 3D pob (2019, Pixologic Inc., USA). Cov duab cim tau nqa tawm siv Photoshop Software (Adobe Inc., USA), USA; http: ///Developer.vufor.vufor.vuforo.vufor. com). Daim ntawv thov AR tau siv siv cov cav sib koom ua ke (Lub Peb Hlis 12, 2019, Kev sib koom siab thev naus laus zis, USA) thiab tom qab ntawd tau nruab thiab tsim tawm ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes. Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm AR-tcpt ua cov cuab yeej rau kev kho hniav morpup kev xyaum, cov neeg tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm pab pawg kev tswj hwm thiab pawg sim. Cov neeg koom rau hauv pawg kev sim siv tau siv Ar-tcpt, thiab tswj hwm cov qauv yas los ntawm cov hniav carving stus cov khoom siv (Nissin Dental (Nissin). Tom qab ua tiav cov hniav txiav ua tiav, cov neeg siv kev paub ntawm txhua tus ntawm tes ntawm cov cuab yeej tau tshawb xyuas thiab muab piv. Kev khiav ntawm kev tshawb fawb tsim qauv yog qhia hauv daim duab 1. Qhov kev kawm tau ua nrog Kev Pom Zoo ntawm South Seastre of REEE SEEE
Cov qauv 3D tau siv los ua kom pom cov yam ntxwv morphological ntawm kev tawm tsam thiab concave thiab occhlal chaw ntawm cov hniav thaum lub caij carving. Cov canacally maxillary thiab maxillary ua qauv ua qauv raws li qib 16, thiab cov qauv ua ntej ua ntej cov qib siab ua ntej ntawm qib 14. Tus thawj coj ua ntej yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab khaws cia hauv cov lus qhia hniav , raws li qhia hauv daim duab. 2. Tus txhuam hniav kawg ua cov qauv muaj nyob hauv daim duab 3. Hauv cov qauv siv kev nyuaj siab, thiab cov duab kos duab thiab cov qauv teeb tsa uas yuav tsum tau mloog. Thaum pib ntawm lub carving theem, txhua nplaim yog xim cim los qhia nws cov kev taw qhia, thiab cov ciab uas muaj cim nrog cov kab uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Lub mesial thiab distal qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav yog cim nrog cov xim liab los taw qhia hniav cov ntsiab lus uas yuav tsis raug tshem tawm thiab yuav tsis raug tshem tawm thaum lub sijhawm txiav txim. Nyob rau sab nraud occlalal, cov dots liab cim cim npe txhua tus cuserved, thiab cov xib xub liab taw qhia cov kev coj ua ntawm engraving thaum txiav cov ciab thaiv. 3D ua qauv ntawm kev khaws cia thiab tshem tawm qhov kev lees paub ntawm morphology ntawm cov khoom raug tshem tawm thaum tom ntej siv quav ciab block cov kauj ruam.
Tsim cov kev ua ntej dhau los ntawm 3D cov khoom hauv cov kauj ruam-ntawm-kauj ruam hniav carving txheej txheem. A: Mesial saum npoo ntawm maxillary ua ntej prospar; B: Me ntsis zoo nkauj thiab mesial labial chaw ntawm maxillary provecolar; C: Mesial nto ntawm Maxillary First Mev; D: Kev siab me ntsis ntawm lub maxillary ua ntej cov maum mos thiab mesiobuccal nto. Nto. B - plhu; La - labial suab; M - nruab nrab suab.
Peb-seem (3D) cov khoom sawv cev rau cov kauj ruam dhau los ntawm kev txiav cov hniav. Daim duab no qhia tau tiav 3D yam tom qab cov maxillary ua ntej tus qauv maxally ua qauv, qhia cov ntsiab lus thiab cov kauj ruam rau txhua theem tom ntej. Qhov thib ob 3D cov qauv ntaub ntawv suav nrog qhov kawg 3D khoom tau txhim kho hauv cov khoom txawb. Cov kab dotted sawv cev cov sib faib sib faib sib npaug ntawm cov hniav, thiab cov sib cais tawm sawv cev rau cov uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ua ntej cov kab muaj nyob nrog. Tus liab 3D xub tau qhia txog kev txiav cov hniav, lub voj voog liab ntawm thaj chaw deb qhia txog qhov chaw sab nrauv uas tau qhia txog qhov CUSP ntawm cov hniav. A: Cov kab sib tw, cov kab hauv cov kab, cov voj voog liab ntawm cov nplaim distal thiab cov kauj ruam qhia tau cov kab hlau tsis muaj. B: Kwv yees ua tiav ntawm kev tsim ntawm thawj tus maum nees ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv. C: Nthuav dav pom ntawm maxillary ua tus molarle, cov kab cylindrical, kab kab cylal, cov kab hauv lub ntsej muag qhia txog ib feem kom txiav ntawm occloal nto. D: Ua tiav Maxillary First maum.
Txhawm rau pab txhawb kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov txheej txheem carving ua tiav siv cov mandibular ua ntej mycolular tau npaj rau lub mandibular ua ntej daim maxolar, maxillary firport, thiab maxillary canine. Cov Duab Cim tau tsim siv Photoshop Software (2020, Adobe COMACTs kom paub qhov txawv ntawm daim duab 4. Tsim cov duab zoo nkauj siv Lub hom phiaj vuforia (ar marker tsim software), thiab tsim thiab txuag cov duab cim siv lub cav sib koom ua tom qab tau txais tsib lub hnub qub uas tau paub txog ib hom duab. Tus qauv 3D tus qauv yog maj txuas rau cov duab cim, thiab nws txoj haujlwm thiab loj yog txiav txim siab raws li cov cim. Siv cov cuab yeej sib koom ua ke thiab cov ntawv thov Android uas tuaj yeem nruab ntawm cov khoom siv txawb.
Duab Tag. Cov duab no qhia cov duab kos duab siv hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb no, uas lub koob yees duab xov tooj ntawm tes pom los ntawm hom hniav (tus lej hauv txhua lub voj voog). A: Ua tus maum nees ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog; B: Ua ntej tshaj tawm ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas tsim nyog; c: maxillary thawj moller; D: Maxillary Canine.
Cov neeg tuaj koom tau raug xaiv los ntawm thawj xyoo siv ntawm kev kho hniav morphology ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Kev Tu Hniav ntawm Kev Kho Hniav Kev Kho Hniav, Seousong University, Gyeonggi-ua. Cov neeg tuaj koom tau paub txog cov hauv qab no: (1) Kev koom tes yog nyob ntawm siab yeem thiab tsis suav nrog cov nyiaj txiag lossis kev tso tseg nyiaj txiag; (2) Pawg tswj hwm yuav siv cov qauv yas, thiab cov pab pawg sim yuav siv daim ntawv thov ar mob ar mob; (3) Qhov kev sim yuav muaj peb lub lis piam thiab koom nrog peb tus hniav; (4) Android cov neeg siv yuav tau txais ib qho txuas rau nruab daim ntawv thov, thiab cov siv iOS yuav tau txais Android ntaus ntawv nrog Ar-TCPT Installed; (5) arctp yuav ua haujlwm zoo ib yam ntawm ob lub nruab nrab; (6) xaiv cov pab pawg tswj hwm thiab pawg sim; (7) Cov kaus mom cov tsiaj yuav ua yeeb yam sib txawv; (8) Tom qab sim, 22 cov kev tshawb fawb yuav tau ua; (9) Pawg tswj hwm tuaj yeem siv Ar-TCPT tom qab sim. Tag nrho ntawm 52 tus neeg koom nrog pab dawb, thiab daim ntawv tso cai online tau los ntawm txhua tus neeg koom. Kev tswj hwm (n = 26) thiab cov pab pawg sim (n = 26) tau muab coj los siv cov haujlwm random hauv Microsoft Excel (2016, Redmond, USA). Daim duab 5 qhia txog kev ua neeg ua haujlwm thiab kev sim tsim hauv cov kab kos txaus.
Kev tshawb fawb tsim los tshawb nrhiav cov neeg tuaj koom cov kev kawm cov kev paub nrog cov qauv yas thiab maj mam muab cov kev siv ntawm kev muaj tiag.
Pib lub Peb Hlis 27, 2023, cov pab pawg sim thiab cov qauv yas siv los txhuam cov hniav, ntsig txog peb lub lis piam. Cov neeg tuaj koom ua qauv qhia ua ntej ua ntej thiab cov hniav puas, suav nrog ib lub mandibular ua ntej maribular ua ntej premolar, txhua tus nrog cov nyom morphological. Cov kwj dej maxillary tsis suav nrog hauv cov duab puab. Cov neeg tuaj koom muaj peb teev ib lim tiam los txiav hniav. Tom qab cov kab ntawm cov hniav, cov qauv yas thiab cov duab kos ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab kev sim cov pab pawg, tau rho tawm. Yog tsis muaj daim ntawv cim duab tus kheej, cov khoom siv kho hniav 3D tsis tau ua kom zoo los ntawm AR-TCTP. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev siv lwm cov cuab yeej xyaum, cov pab pawg sim thiab tswj cov hniav ua rau cov hniav carving hauv chav sib cais. Cov lus taw qhia ntawm cov duab hniav tau muab peb lub lis piam tom qab qhov kawg ntawm kev sim kom txwv tus kws qhia ntawv cov lus qhia. Cov lus nug tau muab tshuaj xyuas tom qab txiav ntawm Mandibular ua ntej cov hniav puas ua tiav rau lub lim tiam thib peb ntawm lub Plaub Hlis. Cov lus nug hloov kho tshiab los ntawm Sanders li al. Alfala li al. Siv 23 cov lus nug los ntawm [26]. [27] Txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv hauv lub plawv cov duab ntawm cov twj paj nruag xyaum. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb no, ib qho khoom rau kev tswj ncaj qha ntawm txhua qib raug cais tawm ntawm Alfalah li al. [27]. 22 cov khoom siv hauv txoj kev kawm no tau qhia hauv Table 1. Kev tswj hwm thiab cov pab pawg sim muaj Cranbach lub txiaj ntsig ntawm 0.587 thiab 0.912, feem.
Cov ntaub ntawv tsom xam tau ua siv SPSS cov software suav (V25.0, IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). Ob txoj ob ob ob daim ntawv xeem tseem ceeb tau ua nyob rau theem tseem ceeb ntawm 0.05. Fisher qhov kev sim ntsuas kiag tau raug siv los txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv xws li poj niam txiv neej, hnub nyoog, qhov chaw ntawm cov cwj pwm ntawm cov kev tswj hwm ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab pawg kev sim. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Shapiro-Wilk kev kuaj pom tias cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb tsis nquag faib (P <0.05). Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj cov mann-Whitney-Whitney U yog siv los piv cov kev tswj hwm thiab pawg sim.
Cov cuab yeej siv tau los ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom thaum cov hniav carving ce yog muaj nyob hauv daim duab 6. Daim duab 6B-D Qhia Lub Ar-Tcpt siv rau ntawm lub xov tooj txawb. AR-TCPT siv lub cuab yeej siv lub cuab yeej los txheeb xyuas cov duab cim duab thiab qhia txog cov khoom siv kho hniav txhim kho 3D tuaj yeem tswj thiab saib hauv lub sijhawm. Qhov "txuas ntxiv" thiab "dhau los ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes pub koj pom nyob rau theem ntawm carving thiab morphological cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hniav. Txhawm rau tsim cov hniav, AR-TCPT cov neeg siv sib piv tau piv rau cov qauv 3D ntawm cov hniav nrog cov quav ciab block.
Xyaum cov hniav carving. Daim duab no qhia tau ntawm kev sib piv ntawm cov tshuaj carping kev coj ua (TCP) siv cov qauv yas thiab theem-los-qib TCP siv augmented kev muaj tseeb cov cuab yeej. Cov tub ntxhais kawm tuaj yeem saib cov qib 3D los ntawm txhaj rau cov nyees khawm tom ntej thiab yav dhau los. A: Cov qauv yas hauv ib pawg ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov kauj ruam-theem rau carving hniav. B: TCP siv cov cuab yeej muaj kev ntseeg augmented tiag ntawm thawj theem ntawm Mandibular ua ntej tshaj tawm. C: TCP siv cov cuab yeej muaj kev ntseeg Augmented thaum lub sijhawm kawg ntawm Mandibular ua ntej kev tsim cov txheej txheem ua ntej. D: Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov chaw sib pab thiab cov zawj. Txhij, daim ntawv lo duab; MD, mobile ntaus ntawv; NSB, "Tom ntej no" khawm; PSB, "khawm yav dhau los; SMD, mobile ntaus ntawv tuav tuav; TC, Kev Kho Hniav Engraving Tshuab; W, ciab block
Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob pab pawg ntawm cov neeg xaiv xaiv nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tub los ntxhais, hnub nyoog, qhov chaw ntawm kev saib xyuas (P> 0.05). Cov pab pawg tswj kev tswj hwm muaj ntawm 96.2% poj niam (n = 25) thiab 3.8% txiv neej (n = 1), whereas cov pab pawg sim muaj tsuas yog poj niam nkaus xwb (n = 26). Cov pab pawg tswj tau muaj ntawm 61.5% (n = 16) ntawm cov neeg koom hnub nyoog 20 xyoo, 26.9% ntawm cov neeg koom nrog hnub nyoog ≥ 22 xyoos, tom qab ntawd kev sim tswj Pab pawg muaj ntawm 73.1% (n = 19) ntawm cov neeg koom hnub nyoog 20 xyoo, 19.2% (n = 5) ntawm cov neeg koom hnub nyoog ≥ 22 xyoos. Hais txog qhov chaw nyob, 69.2% (n = 18) ntawm Pawg Tswj Xyuas nyob hauv Gyeonggi-ua, thiab 23.1% (n = 6) nyob hauv Seoul. Hauv kev sib piv, 50.0% (n = 13) ntawm cov pab pawg sim tau nyob hauv Gyonggi-ua, thiab 46.2% (n = 12) nyob hauv Seoul. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab cov pab pawg sim nyob hauv Incheon yog 7.7% (n = 2) thiab 3.8% (n = 1), feem. Hauv pab pawg tswj, 25 tus neeg koom (96.2%) tsis muaj kev paub dhau los nrog cov kaus hniav. Zoo sib xws, 26 tus neeg koom (100%) hauv pawg sim tsis muaj kev paub dhau los nrog cov kaus hniav dhau los.
Cov lus 2 txheej txheem piav qhia txheeb cais thiab kev sib piv ntawm txhua pawg cov lus teb rau 22 daim ntawv soj ntsuam. Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pab pawg hauv cov lus teb rau txhua 22 cov lus nug yam khoom (P <0.01). Piv rau cov pab pawg tswj hwm, cov pab pawg sim tau muaj cov qhab nia siab dua ntawm 21 cov lus nug. Tsuas yog nyob rau nqe lus nug 20 (Q20) ntawm cov lus nug tau ua pab pawg tau nce siab dua li cov pab pawg sim. Cov histogram hauv daim duab 7 visually qhia qhov sib txawv hauv cov qhab nia ntawm pawg. Rooj 2; Daim duab 7 tseem qhia txog cov neeg siv kev kawm tau rau txhua qhov haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv pawg tswj hwm, cov khoom lag luam siab tshaj plaws tau nug Q21, thiab cov khoom qis tshaj plaws tau nug Q6. Hauv pab pawg sim, cov khoom ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws tau nug Q13, thiab cov khoom qis tshaj plaws tau nug Q20. Raws li muaj nyob hauv daim duab 7, qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov pab pawg tswj thiab pab pawg sim ua yog pom nyob hauv Q6, thiab qhov sib txawv me me tau pom hauv Q22.
Sib piv ntawm cov lus nug cov qhab nia. Bar graph piv cov qhab nia nruab nrab ntawm pawg tswj hwm siv cov yas qauv thiab cov pab pawg sim uas siv cov kev thov kev muaj tiag. Ar-tcpt, ib qho kev pab cuam augmented kev sib tw ua cov cuab yeej carving tool.
Ar thev naus laus zis tau ua nrov ntau hauv kev kho hniav, suav nrog kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob, kho hniav thiab kev kho hniav morphology, kho hniav morphology, kho hniav morphology thiab kev kho hniav thiab kev kho hniav thiab kev kho mob [28, 29, 30, 31]. Piv txwv li, Microsoft Hollooft Hollooft Hololens muab kev txhim kho augmented kev muaj tiag cuab yeej kom txhim kho kev kho hniav thiab kev npaj kho mob [32]. Kev siv thev naus laus zis virtual kuj muaj ib puag ncig simulation rau kev qhia hniav morphology [33]. Txawm hais tias cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kho hniav, pab cov neeg siv khoom siv nyiaj txiag sai sai Cov thev naus laus zis kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhawb cov tub ntxhais kawm kev txhawb zog thiab kev nyiam kev kawm paub hniav thiab muaj kev sib tham sib tham ntau dua thiab koom tes nrog kev kawm [36]. Cov cuab yeej kawm pab cov tub ntxhais kawm pom cov kev kho hniav txoj kev kho hniav thiab kev xav hauv 3D [37], uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev paub hniav morphology.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm 3D luam tawm yas kws kho hniav yas tau zoo dua cov phau ntawv nrog 2D cov duab thiab cov lus piav qhia [38]. Txawm li cas los xij, digitalization ntawm kev kawm thiab kev nce qib thev naus laus zis tau ua rau nws ua kom paub ntau cov khoom siv kho mob thiab cov thev naus laus zis hauv kev kho mob thiab kev kho mob, suav nrog kev kawm kho mob [35]. Cov kws qhia ntawv tau ntsib nrog kev sib tw ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv ua kom zoo ntxiv los pab cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv kev xyaum carving hniav. Yog li, txoj kev kawm no nthuav qhia cov cuab yeej A-TCPT uas siv cov thev naus laus zis los pab tswj hwm cov kws kho hniav morphology.
Kev tshawb fawb txog cov neeg siv kev paub ntawm cov ntawv thov yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau yam [40]. Tus qauv AR tau kev paub tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntawm nws txoj kev txhim kho thiab kev txhim kho, yooj yim, cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm, thiab kev sib tshuam [41]. Raws li qhia hauv Table 2, tsuas yog qhov kev zam ntawm Q20, cov pab pawg sim uas siv AR-TCPT tau txais cov neeg siv cov neeg siv khoom siv cov qauv yas siv. Piv nrog cov qauv yas, cov kev paub ntawm kev siv ar-tcpt hauv kev kho hniav carving kev cai tau nyob. Kev ntsuas suav nrog kev nkag siab, kev pom, kev soj ntsuam, rov ua dua, kev siv tau ntawm cov cuab yeej, thiab muaj ntau yam ntawm cov kev xav. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv Ar-TCPT nrog kev nkag siab sai, kev pab txhawb nqa, kev pab cuam zoo, lom zem, lom zem ntawm cov kev paub. Ar-tcpt kuj tau txhawb kev sib cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov cuab yeej xyaum thiab muab cov kev pom tseeb los ntawm ntau qhov kev xav.
Raws li muaj nyob hauv daim duab 7, ar-tcpt tau thov ib qho kev qhia ntxiv hauv nqe lus 20: Ib qho kev hloov kho ntawm cov tshuaj txhuam hniav tas nrho yog xav tau los pab cov tub ntxhais kawm ua yeeb yam hniav. Ua qauv qhia tag nrho cov kev kho mob carvingacy yog qhov tseem ceeb los tsim cov kev hloov kho hniav ua ntej kho cov neeg mob. Cov pab pawg sim uas tau txais cov qhab nia siab tshaj plaws hauv Q13, yog cov lus nug tseem ceeb los pab tsim kev txawj ntse ua ntej kho cov neeg mob, qhia txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov cuab yeej hauv kev kho hniav. Cov neeg siv xav siv cov txuj ci uas lawv kawm hauv chaw kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb taug qab yog xav tau soj ntsuam kev txhim kho thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov hniav carving tiag tiag. Lo lus nug 6 Nug seb cov qauv yas thiab Ar-TCTP yuav siv tau yog tias tsim nyog, thiab cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no tau nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ob pawg. Raws li lub xov tooj txawb, ar-tcpt tau ua pov thawj kom yooj yim siv piv rau cov qauv yas. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem tsis yooj yim los ua pov thawj qhov kev kawm tau zoo ntawm ar apps raws cov neeg siv kev ib leeg. Cov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog xav tau soj ntsuam cov nyhuv ntawm AR-TCTP ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ua tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb no, tus neeg siv kev nyiam cov neeg siv ntawm Ar-Tcapt qhia tias nws lub peev xwm ua lub zog ua haujlwm.
Qhov kev kawm sib piv no qhia tau tias Ar-TCPT tuaj yeem yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo lossis ua kom tiav rau cov chaw kho hniav yas, vim tias nws tau txais cov kev ntsuas zoo ntawm cov neeg siv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txiav txim siab nws zoo dua yuav tsum muaj nuj nqis los ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov pob txha carved kawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus kheej sib txawv hauv kev sib txawv ntawm kev pom muaj peev xwm ntawm cov txheej txheem carving thiab cov hniav zaum kawg kuj yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas. Kev kho hniav sib txawv sib txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub carving txheej txheem thiab tus hniav kawg. Yog li ntawd, xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los ua pov thawj qhov ua tau zoo ntawm AR-tcpt ua qhov cuab yeej rau kev kho hniav thiab nkag siab lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem carving. Kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej yuav tsum tsom rau kev ntsuam xyuas kev txhim kho thiab kev ntsuam xyuas cov cuab yeej kuaj hniav morphology siv cov kev siv hsolens ar tshiab.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, qhov kev tshawb fawb no ua rau muaj peev xwm ua qhov cuab yeej rau kev kho hniav carving kev kawm thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm sib tham tshiab. Piv nrog rau cov pab pawg ua ib txwm muaj, cov pab pawg arc tau ua rau muaj kev nkag siab zoo, txhim kho kev kawm thiab txo cov phau ntawv qhia rov qab. Nrog nws cov thev naus laus zis thiab kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv, ar-tcpt muaj ib qho cuab yeej siv yas yas thiab tuaj yeem pab cov newbies rau 3D sculpting. Txawm li cas los xij, xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los ntsuas nws txoj kev kawm ua tiav, suav nrog nws cov kev cuam tshuam rau tib neeg cov peev xwm ua tau zoo thiab muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov hniav puab.
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Lub Sijhawm Post: Dec-25-2023